D3375: Infuence of temperature in field conditions on the emergence of Telenomus podisi Ashmead, 1893 (Hymenoptera: Scelionidae) reared in constant and fluctuating temperature regimes

The influence of temperature in field emergence of Telenomus podisi (Hymenoptera: Scelionidae), in protected (encapsulated) and unprotected pupae, after rearing in constant and fluctuating temperature, were study. T. podisi, was reared in two temperatures: constant temperature (25 °C and 12h photofase) and fluctuating temperature, whit cycles of 20 °C (12h in the dark) and 30 °C (12h in the light) at each 24h. Two bioassays were carried out, with a randomized block experimental design in a 4 x 2 factorial scheme. For the first, four deposition locals using encapsulated pupae (from constant temperature of 25 °C and fluctuating temperature of 20 °C/30 °C) were left in the lower, middle and upper third of the canopy and intrarows). The second bioassay was similar but unprotected pupae were released. Each bioassay consisted of five replications of 40 pupae from each rearing temperature and each replication was a release local. Regarding the rearing temperatures, there was no difference in the emergence of parasitoids after exposure to field temperatures. However, there was a reduction in the emergence of T. podisi rearing from both temperatures after recording high temperatures in the field, above 35 °C. In addition, it was observed that egg parasitoids can be released in encapsulated or unprotected pupae, as there are no significant differences in emergence percentages. Telenomus podisi tolerate temperature fluctuations that occur in the field, as long as they do not exceed the ideal range (20 °C to 30 °C) for emergence, and the correct moment for release is respected.