D3179: Natural enemies of Nipaecoccus viridis (Newstead) in Florida citrus

Nipaecoccus viridis (Newstead) (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) is an emerging pest of citrus in Florida. N. viridis is commonly managed by repeated application of insecticides. Management of N. viridis with insecticides is impeded by mealybug wax secretions and cryptic behaviour, which reduce exposure to toxicants. Mealybug populations are usually regulated below damaging levels by natural enemies in the field. A survey of citrus groves in central Florida was conducted to determine the species of N. viridis natural enemies occurring in this production habitat. Here we present a visual summary of natural enemies of N. viridis found in citrus groves in central Florida. These natural enemies could potentially be incorporated as biological control agents in integrated pest management programs.

Keywords: Citrus, natural enemies, biological control agent, integrated pest management.